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Lets see what PMBOK Guide says about Verification and Validation.
Verification is the evaluation of whether or not a product, service, or system complies with a regulation, requirement, specification, or imposed condition. It is often an internal process.
Validation is the assurance that a product, service, or system meets the needs of the customer and other identified stakeholders. It often involves acceptance and suitability with external customers.
These two terms are quite different. Verification is done by project team to ensure that they are on the right track and working as per the agreed specification and process whereas Validation is the assurance that the deliverable meets the customer’s need. Verification is an internal process done within the project by the project team but Validation is an external process done by the customer and identified stakeholders before accepting the deliverable. This is further followed by a formal acceptance of the deliverable. The main differences between these two terms are:
| # | Verification | Validation |
|---|---|---|
| To Ensure | Specifications are Met | Needs are Met |
| To Build | Solution correctly | Correct Solution |
| Done by | Project and Solution Team | Stakeholders or Business |
| Uses | Peer Review and Inspection | Continual confirmation and Requirement walk through |
Here are some examples which I think can help in understanding the differences further
| Activity | Verification / Validation |
|---|---|
| Review of Specification document to ensure: 1.All references are marked properly 2.Naming convention is followed 3.Consistency in requirement | Verification |
| Set of key users going through requirement specification to understand current flow and how it meets their business need | Validation |
| Testing team doing the checking of deliverable to ensure it meets the specification | Verification |
| Key users executing the user acceptance flow to check if the system automates their business process flow | Validation |
Do we have sequence in Verification and Validation? Most of the time verified deliverable is validated, followed by accepted deliverable. So we can say that validation is usually done after verification.
So what do you think about PMP® certification exam? Does it verify your project management skills or it validates them? Let me know in the comment section.
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